A Tour of Portugal

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I hope you’re excited to see a lot of pictures of beautiful Portuguese architecture, because that’s much of what this blog is going to be. When our friend Bella planned a birthday celebration in southern Portugal, we took the opportunity to add on a few days in Lisbon and Porto as well.

We arrived in Lisbon several hours late due to a flight delay and a missed connection (thanks, Condor), so we spent a single day in Lisbon (for the second time - we had been here for about 24 hours at the end of 2019). We took the opportunity to go to some adorable coffee shops, eat good food, and walk up some of Lisbon’s many steep hills.

Picturesque churches and trolleys are everywhere in Portugal (photo/Jason Rafal)

A patient dog sitting beside an excellent example of how patios must be built on hills in Lisbon (photo/Jason Rafal)

Lisbon was just as I remembered - colorful, beautiful, absurdly clean, and constantly hilly.

A steep pedestrian street (photo/Jason Rafal)

Classic Lisbon (photo/Jason Rafal)

A don't even know what's happening here (photo/Jason Rafal)

A fado mural in one of the pedestrian stairwells (photo/Jason Rafal)

Resting partway up the stairs (photo/Jason Rafal)

One of the nice things about cities with lots of steep hills is that they tend to have lots of great viewpoints.

The beautiful view from Miradouro da Graça (photo/Jason Rafal)

Antiquated-looking transit in front of the Arco da Rua Augusta (photo/Jason Rafal)

The Praça do Comércio (photo/Jason Rafal)

A big brutalist building among the colorful houses (photo/Jason Rafal)

A beautiful building facade (photo/Jason Rafal)

A giant tree at the lovely Jardim da Estrela (photo/Jason Rafal)

Sunset views from Miradouro da São Pedro de Alcântara (photo/Jason Rafal)

Evening views (photo/Jason Rafal)

Trolleys hanging out on an incredibly steep street (photo/Jason Rafal)

From Lisbon, we drove down to Alvor, where we met up with some of our favorite people to celebrate our friend Bella’s 30th birthday. It was three wonderful days of eating and drinking and laughing and we have very few photos (and most of the ones we do have are ridiculous).

Bella's birthday bash (photo/random person on the beach)

On our last day in Alvor, we took a boat trip from Lagos to Luz, along some of the stunning southern Portuguese coastline. It was a lovely afternoon spent cruising in a catamaran and swimming in the Atlantic with friends, and we ended the weekend tired and with full hearts.

Natural and manmade rock formations (photo/Jason Rafal)

More beautiful coastline (photo/Jason Rafal)

A good day to be on a boat (photo/Jason Rafal)

After a wonderful weekend with friends, we flew to Porto, in the northern part of the country. Jason and I have been wanting to go to Porto for years, and we fell in love with the city immediately. It’s beautiful, interesting, welcoming, covered in tiles, and a little run down. It has so many tiny, amazing restaurants, coffee shops, and antique shops.

Colorful buildings and cobbled streets (photo/Jason Rafal)

I loved this green roof/garden on top of an outdoor mall area (photo/Jason Rafal)

We booked a free walking tour for our first morning in Porto, which is something I always recommend (though they’re not actually free, because you do need to be a good person and tip the guide who is showing you around). Our guide, an Italian expat, walked us around some of the churches and government buildings and gave us context about the city. While it was never the capital of Portugal, Porto was the center of merchant power in the country. They’ve always been anti-authority, whether it’s the authority of the church, or the king, or the guidelines presented by UNESCO (apparently they’re constantly putting their status and funding at risk by building new, non-historic things in the historical center).

Looking up at the Igreja do Carmo (photo/Jason Rafal)

A very narrow church at the edge of the old walled city (photo/Jason Rafal)

The view from the Miradouro da Vitória (photo/Jason Rafal)

Even the more modern buildings are colorful - I wish we would go that direction in the U.S. (photo/Jason Rafal)

I don't even know what's happening here...seems like art, or a metaphor (photo/Jason Rafal)

Porto is famous for its iconic blue tile buildings, and while I had assumed that blue was tied to the city’s identity from the beginning, our walking tour guide told us that blue is used most frequently because it fades the least in direct sunlight. In the San Bento train station, which you can see below, the walls on the left that never got direct sunlight had many more colors in the tiled scenes.

The beautiful Sao Bento train station (photo/Jason Rafal)

The dragon is the symbol of Porto - from what I can find, it symbolizes heroism, resistance, and the city’s invicta (unconquered, invincible) identity. Paired with this dramatic symbolism, I very much enjoyed the statues that featured little cat-sized dragons sitting on people’s heads.

A statue of a man with a dragon on his head to represent Porto (photo/Jason Rafal)

Beautiful tile everywhere (photo/Jason Rafal)

Our favorite coffee shop of the trip (photo/Jason Rafal)

We spent a lovely evening at the dramatic Casa da Música, where we toured the building (highly recommended if you’re a fan of weird brutalist architecture, which I’m not really, but it was still cool) and then saw a fado performance.

Brutalist vibes at the Casa da Música (photo/Jason Rafal)

The main concert hall (photo/Jason Rafal)

As usual, some of the time we enjoyed the most was just spent wandering around, seeing parks, viewpoints, and buildings along the way.

The beautiful Jardins do Palácio de Cristal (photo/Jason Rafal)

One of the many free-ranging birds at the gardens (photo/Jason Rafal)

The crowd taking in the sunset next to the Parque das Virtudes (photo/Jason Rafal)

My favorite view in the city (photo/Jason Rafal)

Some sort of metaphor about layers of paint (photo/Jason Rafal)

One of the top attractions in Porto is Livraria Lello, a bookstore that is said to have inspired J.K. Rowling’s description of Flourish and Blott’s in Harry Potter. It’s a really beautiful bookstore, but for me it’s not worth the pain of dealing with the lines and crowds of people trying to get perfect photos. I’m sure it’s better in the offseason, but if you do want to go in the summer, try to reserve the 9 am slot (days in advance) and be there by about 8:30 if you want to get in quickly.

The insane crowd outside of Livraria Lello (photo/Jason Rafal)

The admittedly beautiful staircase and ceiling in the bookstore (photo/Jason Rafal)

I enjoyed the contrast between the modern books for sale at the bottom and the ones to look old in the upper cases (photo/Jason Rafal)

Corners (photo/Jason Rafal)

While I was napping, Jason went to explore the Portuguese Photography Center at the Cadeia da Relação, a former prison. The building houses photography exhibits along with an incredibly extensive collection of cameras, mostly from a professor.

A hallway looking into the prison photography museum (photo/Jason Rafal)

The prison is a key location in Porto’s most famous love story, and the two lovers are immortalized in stone in the courtyard. Camilo Castelo Branco and Ana Plácido were two writers who met at a dance and were friends and then lovers for many years. Eventually, Ana left her husband for Camilo. When the affair became public, Ana was forced into a convent, but then escaped and returned to Camilo. Then, because her bitter husband filed an adultery lawsuit against them, they were both imprisoned in the Cadeia da Relação, where Camilo wrote his most famous novel, Amor de Perdição (Doomed Love). They were eventually released, and much later the prison was turned into a photography museum, but the story and the statue remain.

The doomed couple - I'm not sure about why there's such a difference in clothing (photo/Jason Rafal)

Looking out over the river from Torreão do Jardim do Palácio (photo/Jason Rafal)

The very clean and modern Mercado do Bolhão (photo/Jason Rafal)

The ornately decorated Chapel of Souls (photo/Jason Rafal)

I love a green wall (photo/Jason Rafal)

Wandering near the waterfront (photo/Jason Rafal)

On our walking tour, our guide told us a joke about how the best thing about Gaia, the city across the river, was its beautiful view of Porto. On our last day in the city, we headed over the pedestrian and transit-only bridge to the Jardim do Morro. It was indeed a beautiful last view of the city.

The view back across the river from Gaia (photo/Jason Rafal)

One more view of Porto (photo/Jason Rafal)

We really enjoyed spending more time in Portugal - it’s easy to navigate, beautiful, and has great food. Lisbon, Porto, and the southern coast were all worth the trip (though I am, as usual with European destinations, jealous of the ease with which east coasters can visit - it’s a trek from Seattle). Next time we travel to Portugal, my top priorities are visiting Sintra and spending some time in nature. Until then!

Slightly Younger Tiles

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On Saturday, we ventured out to visit a tannery. The tanneries of Fes are famous for their age and methods — the oldest dates to the 11th century, and they still operate essentially the same as they did then. The tanneries are on everyone’s must-do lists for Fes — they are smelly, but visually fascinating. Men pre-treat goat, sheep, and dromedary leather before moving the pieces into large vats of dye. When the leather has been sufficiently treated, it is taken up to the hillside to dry for a day. When the pieces are dry, they are brought back into the Medina to be cut and sewn into belts, bags, jackets, pillows, and shoes.

Ally walks through our riad (Photo/Jason Rafal)

A fuel-loaded mule (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The tanneries are surrounded by shops, and in order to see one, you essentially have to look like a tourist until someone offers to take you through a shop to see the tannery. We were picked up by someone who belonged to a cooperative, and they started us out at the leather shop. 

It was a clear, cool morning, and the smell was surprisingly mild from the terrace at the top of the leather shop. The man who was showing us around handed us all mint to hold under our noses and then explained the details of the tannery to us as we took pictures.

A man works in the dye vats (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The tannery (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Afterward, we were taken through the shop and encouraged to purchase a variety of products. There’s a tension between the tourists who want to see the tanneries without paying anything and the cooperatives who want to make money, but we had already decided to look for some belts. Jason also found a jacket that fit shocking well, so we more than paid for our pictures. 

After the tannery, we were swiftly guided to an argan oil shop, where we re-learned about creating argan oil (I hadn’t realized last time that the seeds are toasted to make edible oil and left untoasted for cosmetics). This shop had a few additional scents and products that the last one didn’t, and it also had Moroccan spice mixes and saffron, which we stocked up on. Saffron is expensive anywhere, but it’s much cheaper in Morocco.

Our third stop (I was starting to worry how many stops there would be, as it’s especially difficult to un-entangle yourself once you’re in the co-op circuit) was a weaving shop where men wove blankets, scarves, bags, and pillows from a combination of cactus threads and sheep’s wool. The man who owned the shop called himself Mohammad Couscous, and he was very excited to show us around the shop and tell us about the different products they made. He also taught us how to put on scarves for trips into the desert — we had a lot of people tell us that coming back to Morocco for a few days in the Sahara was essential.

Weaving a blanket (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Emilie learns proper headscarf use (Photo/Jason Rafal)

After the weaving shop, we were guided to an embroidery shop, where women were doing some insane double sided embroidery onto table cloths, runners, napkins, and pillows. If you’ve never embroidered, I’m not quite sure how to explain to you how crazy double-sided embroidery is. Usually, you have a pretty side, and an ugly side, and that’s just how it is. The women in the shop in Fes were using a crazy double thread technique that allowed the pretty side to be both sides, so everything they made is reversible. Along with the addition of multiple colors, it was very impressive.

Crazy double-sided embroidery (Photo/Jason Rafal)

In the afternoon, we headed up to the Marinid Tombs, which was supposed to have the best view of the city. It’s the place to go for sunset, but we went up a couple of hours before sunset, which was actually really nice because it wasn’t crowded. 

To walk up to the tombs, we exited an outer bab and headed up the hill through the cemetery. The remains of the tombs are at the top of the hill, and they create great frames for the views of the city. Apparently not much is known about the tombs because there hasn’t been a thorough archaeological dig in the area, which is kind of crazy since it is believed to date from the 14th century. It’s a really cool area, and a great way to get a panoramic view of the city.

Hiking up through the cemetery (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Fes from the tombs (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Photobomb (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Fes, with the Atlas Mountains in the distance

More views of Fes through ancient walls (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Arriving at the tombs at the top of the hill (Photo/Jason Rafal)

We’re very cool (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Some of the more adventurous climbers (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Sunset from a teahouse in the city (Photo/Jason Rafal)

One thing that’s difficult in the old medinas, and especially in Fes, is that only half of the streets/alleys are on any map, even a downloaded Google map, so it’s difficult to figure out how everything connects. This creates some wonderful quiet wandering, but it also leaves obvious tourists susceptible to local teenagers, who will tell you that you’re going toward a dead end, guide you in a different direction, and ask for payment. At one point this happened when we were actually lost and unable to just brush the kid off, and he started yelling at us for not paying him enough. It’s uncomfortable, and difficult to always avoid. 

For dinner, we went to a place that served both traditional Moroccan food and what I would call interpretations of other foods. We were constantly amused that the depictions of tacos were clearly pressed burritos. Ally and I both got pastillas, a traditional Moroccan dish consisting of meat and nuts wrapped in phyllo dough and covered with cinnamon and icing. It’s weirdly sweet for a savory dish, but sweet-savory combos seem to be a favorite in Moroccan cuisine.

A pastilla (yes, that’s sugar) (Photo/Jason Rafal)

On Sunday, we explored some more of the central medinas of Fes before catching our flight to Lisbon. 

We first visited Al Attarine Madrasa, which is a 14th-century center of religious learning. The courtyard is incredibly intricate and beautiful, and the student’s quarters above are much more plain, but also provide beautiful views of the surrounding city. The tile work at this madrasa is really insane — there’s a bunch of Arabic calligraphy tiles, which are incredibly beautiful.

Another incredibly ornate room (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Emilie and Ally with some of the calligraphy tile (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Views through a window (Photo/Jason Rafal)

We also walked by the nearby Kairaouine Mosque and University, which is considered the oldest university in the world. We were not allowed to go in, but there were a couple of spots where we could look through open doors onto the beautiful courtyards within.

We also wandered to the river, took pictures of one more bab, and had some tea before finding lunch.

The river through Fes (Photo/Jason Rafal)

More cats (Photo/Jason Rafal)

More babs (Photo/Jason Rafal)

For lunch, we ended up at the restaurant of one of the bigger riads near ours. It had a really large, beautiful inner courtyard, and it was a lovely, quiet, green escape from the surrounding medina. I immediately made a cat friend, who jumped on my lap, purred, and snuggled before the riad owner came and picked him up, saying that he usually puts the cat in his room for meal times so he won’t harass the patrons.

Nicole’s new cat friend (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Sunlight through a big tree in the courtyard (have you noticed Jason’s trip-long sunstar obsession?) (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The lunch was a perfect goodbye to Fes, and we headed to Portugal full and happy.

Monday was our full day in Lisbon, and we all immediately knew that we wanted more time there. It’s just a very appealing city. The buildings are colorful and interesting to look at, the hills keep things interesting and beautiful, and the food is great.

Nighttime streets in Lisbon (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The Praça do Rossio (Photo/Jason Rafal)

One thing that we had really missed in Morocco was good coffee, so we visited two coffee shops on Monday morning. Both were delicious. We also dropped by Bertrand, which is the oldest operating bookstore in the world — it dates to 1732.

Emilie in front of Bertrand (Photo/Jason Rafal)

In order to get a feel for the city without stressing ourselves out trying to see all the sights in one day, we signed up for a free walking tour. This was a lot of fun and made us realize how little we knew about Portugese history. The 1755 earthquake, which was one of the most defining events in Lisbon’s history, was the most frequent topic as we walked through some of the central neighborhoods of the city.

Narrow original streets in Lisbon (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The 1755 earthquake happened on November 1 (All Saints Day), which meant that most of the Christians in Lisbon had lit candles in their houses and gone to church for the morning. When the earthquake, which was an estimated 8.5-9.0 in magnitude, hit in Lisbon, the churches and other large buildings collapsed, the candles set the city on fire, and the tsunami killed an enormous number of survivors of the first two catastrophes. While there were more surviving humans and buildings in the Jewish and Muslim communities on the hillsides, the center of the city had to be completely rebuilt. It’s really interesting to see the differences between the old surviving architecture and the much newer template of the rest of the city — the buildings are all colorful, and have similar architecture, but the grid, including streets and buildings, is much wider in the rebuilt part of the city.

One of the churches that lost its roof in the earthquake (Photo/Jason Rafal)

We also learned about the 1974 revolution, which felt surprisingly recent. A military coup marched into Lisbon to overthrow the authoritarian regime, and an unexpected civil resistance joined in. Impressively, the government stepped down with almost no violence, and when the public took to the streets to celebrate, someone put a red carnation into a soldier’s gun. The symbol spread through the streets, and became the namesake of the peaceful Carnation Revolution. 

Our guide also walked us through Alfama, one of the original remaining neighborhoods in Lisbon. It features tiny, narrow apartments inhabited by mostly older residents, and it feels like stepping back in time.

A view over the Praça do Comércio (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Looking up toward the Alfama neighborhood (Photo/Jason Rafal)

The residents of Alfama still use by-hand communal laundry (Photo/Jason Rafal)

A resident of Alfama looks out over the street (Photo/Jason Rafal)

After our walking tour, we went to the Time Out Market, which is a very cool (and quite crowded) indoor market with a bunch of shops and places to eat.

Tasting an egg tart in Time Out Market (Photo/Jason Rafal)

A Santa driving a streetcar (Photo/Jason Rafal)

After lunch, we went to a wine tasting shop, where we could use a pre-loaded card to purchase small pours of different Portugese wines. Green wines, or wines created with young grapes, were one of our focuses — we think they might become trendy after rose. 

After sampling a considerable amount of wine, we got a ride down to LX Factory, which Emilie aptly described as “Hipster Disneyland, in the best possible way.” It’s a collection of shops and restaurants in old factories and containers, and there are different kinds of visual art everywhere. We walked through some shops and had a craft beer at some tiny old school tables, which were cute but problematically small for Jason and I.

An adorable plant shop (Photo/Jason Rafal)

A giant bee (Photo/Jason Rafal)

More beautiful art (Photo/Jason Rafal)

A combination bookshop and artist workshop (Photo/Jason Rafal)

LX Factory (Photo/Jason Rafal)

For dinner we went to A Valenciana, which was written up in an Eater guide we found. It was a really nice example of a traditional Portuguese restaurant — the other people in the restaurant were mostly locals, and the dishes were simple and delicious. We ordered a lot of Piri Piri chicken, which we learned was from Portugal, which came with rice and French fries. They actually forgot Emilie’s vegetarian dish (we never actually figured out what it was), but she was a very good sport and ate carbs instead. It felt like a very Portuguese way to end the trip.

That evening, we walked back to our hotel, wandering the streets nearby for a while. Everything was all lit up for the holidays, and we even found a Feliz 2020 sign. We’ve all decided that we’ll try to come back to Portugal soon.

New Year’s lights around the Praça do Marquês de Pombal (Photo/Jason Rafal)

Color-changing lights above a busy street filled with smoke from street food (Photo/Jason Rafal)